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New digital facilities come with their own language and technical terms - most of them related to data storage. Here is a guide to help you understand the lingo in the new control room:
BYTE: Is a unit of measurement of data and most often consisting of 8 bits.
FIBRE CHANNEL: Or FC.Fibre channel is a general term used to refer to the fibre channel interface standard as a whole
The word Fibre is used as a generic term which can indicate copper or optical implementations of fibre channel products.
FTP: Short for File Transfer Protocol, FTP allows files to be exchanged over the Internet. It's an important part of transferring large video files from one facility to another.
GIGABIT ETHERNET: Or GigE Another form of data transfer, it supports rates of 1 Gigabit (or 1,000 megabits) per second Written as: (1Gbps) Ethernet has evolved into the most widely implemented physical and Link layer protocol today. Ethernet is controlled by the operating system. With cables CAT 5e and CAT 6, and low cost switches, enables fast access of DV up to cHD video to multiple nodes on the fabric.
PETABYTE: (PB) Equal to 1,024 Terabytes of storage.
TERABYTE: (TB) Equal to 1,024 Gigabytes of storage.
GIGABYTE: (GB) Equal to 1,024 Megabytes of storage.
MEGABYTE: (MB) Equal to 1,024 Kilobytes of storage.
KILOBYTE: (KB) Equal to 1,024 bytes of storage.
LAN: A local area network is a group of computer and video servers within the same facility.
MXF: Short for Material Exchange Format, a protocol that places a metadata wrapper around a video or audio file and allows it to be transferred from one video server to another, regardless of the format a server uses.
METADATA: Description information related to a given video or audio file. It typically includes when the content was recorded, who was involved with the material's acquisition, where it was recorded, and possible keywords describing the content. Think of it as Cliffs Notes for a file.
NETWORKED ATTACHED STORAGE ARCHITECTURE: Or NAS. In this approach, a network-attached storage (NAS) device is dedicated to file-sharing. The server handles all the processing of data but does not actually store any content itself. As a result, more hard-disk storage space can be added to a network without existing servers' having to be shut down. It is not to be confused with SAN (see below).
STORAGE AREA NETWORK ARCHITECTURE: Or SAN. A high-speed sub network of shared storage devices - in this case, video servers. The advantage of a SAN is that stored data does not reside directly on any of the servers, leaving more network capacity available to the end user and making it possible to have more server power dedicated to applications. The servers typically reside on a local area network (LAN) or wide area network (WAN).
TRANSCODE: Taking a computer file stored in one format and converting it to another so it can be more easily used and distributed. Transcoding is typically done by a third-party device that sits between two other devices.
WAN : A wide area network, computers and servers connected over a long distance. It typically includes two or more LAN's.
Bandwidth Requirements and Disk Usage
| Standard Definition |
Bandwidth Per Stream |
| MiniDV, DVCAM, DVCPRO |
3.6MBps |
| DVCPRO 50 |
7.7MBps |
| Uncompressed SD (8-bit) |
20MBps |
| Uncompressed SD (10-bit) |
27MBps |
| Compressed High Definition |
Bandwidth Per Stream |
| DVCPRO HD |
5.8MBps to 14MBps |
| Uncompressed High Definition |
Bandwidth Per Stream |
| 720p 24fps |
46MBps |
| 720p 30fps |
50MBps |
| 720p 60fps |
100MBps |
| 1080 24p (8-bit) |
98MBps |
| 1080i (8-bit) |
120MBps |
| 1080 24p (10-bit) |
110MBps |
| 1080i (10-bit) |
165MBps |
For VHS/VCD quality (MPEG1), 10MByte/Minute.
For DVD quality (MPEG2), 30-70MByte/Minute
For Mpeg4 codec, at 300kbit/Sec, it is 2.4MB/sec.
Mpeg4 capture rate is between 1Mb/sec and 15Mbit/sec
Mbps Encode rates
| Hours |
8 |
25 |
50 |
80 |
| 1 |
3.6GB |
11.25 GB |
22.50 GB |
36. GB |
| 24 (1 DAY) |
86.4GB |
270. GB |
540. GB |
864. GB |
| 168 (1 WEEK) |
604. GB |
1.89 TB |
3.78 TB |
6 TB |
| 8760 (1 YEAR) |
31.5 TB |
98.5 TB |
197. TB |
315 TB |
Broadcast Video: 10-20 Mbps
PBS 19.3 Mbps
Video Masters Repurposing 25-30 Mbps
High-Definition Television 60-80+ Mbps
2K Film Images 12MB / frame
4K Film Images 40 MB/ frame
vStor models support the below resolutions
for shared collaborative media editing:
DV 25 .... 25Mbits/sec , 25/8 = 3.12MBps x 3600 seconds/hour = 11.23
GB/Hour consumption
HDV ... 25Mbits/sec
DV50 .... 50Mbps, 50/8 = 6.25MBps x 3600 seconds/hour = 22.5GB/Hour
consumption
HQ ... about 100-120Mbits/sec (depends on the image)
DVCPRO HD ... 100Mbits/sec , 100/8 = 12.5MBps x 3600 seconds/hour =
45GB/Hour consumption
HDCAM ... 140MBits/sec , 140/8 = 17.5MBps x 3600 seconds/hour =
63GB/Hour consumption
DNxHD … 145MBits/sec – 220MBits/sec (AVID Compressed HD) , 220/8 =
27.5MBps x 3600 = 99GB/Hour consumption
SD ... 168MBits/sec – 336MBits/sec , 168/8 = 21. MBps x 3600 = 75
GB/Hour consumption, 336Mbps = 151GB/Hour
8 Bit SD - 176Mbps = 22MBps = 79GB/Hour consumption
Apple ProRes 422, 8 Bit 145Mbps = 18MBps = 65GB/Hour consumption
10 Bit 200Mbps = 25MBps = 90GB/Hour consumption
220Mbps = 27.5MBps = 99GB/Hour consumption
vStor models in conjunction with vShare will
support the below resolutions for shared collaborative media editing:
HD … 800MBits/sec – 2000Mbits/sec , 2000/8= 250MBps, x 3600 =
900GB/Hour consumption
HD 1:1 10 bit uncompressed HD 1185Mbits/sec , 1185/8 = 148MBps x 3600=
533GB/Hour consumption
1920 x 1080, 10 bit uncompressed, 24 fps , HDV is 1440 x 1080
2K and 4K Film
|
Data Rate Per Stream |
MBytes/second |
|
8 bit uncompressed HD |
120 |
|
8 bit uncompressed SD |
20 |
|
DVCProHD |
12.5 |
|
MPEG2 I-Frame HD |
12.5 |
|
DVCPro50 |
6.25 |
|
DV/DVCAM |
3.125 |
|
HDV |
3.125 |
Various transfer speeds for your information:
Mbps = Mega BITS per second
MBps = Mega BYTES per second
| Value |
Units |
Value |
Units |
Service |
| 10 |
Mbps |
1.25 |
MBps |
10Base-T Ethernet |
| 12 |
Mbps |
1.5 |
MBps |
Universal Serial Bus (USB) |
| 40 |
Mbps |
5 |
MBps |
IEEE 802.11a wireless (5.6 GHz band) |
| 80 |
Mbps |
10 |
MBps |
PCMCIA Card (PC Card) 16 bit |
| 100 |
Mbps |
12.50 |
MBps |
100Base-T Ethernet (Fast Ethernet) |
| 400 |
Mbps |
50 |
MBps |
FireWire (IEEE 1394) |
| 480 |
Mbps |
60 |
MBps |
USB 2.0 |
| 1000 |
Mbps |
125 |
MBps |
Gigabit Ethernet |
| 1.6 |
Gbps |
200 |
MBps |
eStor |
| 2.8 |
Gbps |
350 |
MBps |
eStor 2000 series Turbo |
| 10 |
Gbps |
1250 |
MBps |
10G Ethernet (IEEE 802.3ae) |
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